Third, the in situ tests including microseismic (MS) technique, velocity tomography, stress-strain monitoring, and electromagnetic radiation monitoring are considered. Second, the laboratory experiments, containing shaking table test, split-Hopkinson pressure bar test (SHPB), improved true-triaxial test, dynamic centrifugal model test, acoustic emission (AE) technique, and dynamic infrared monitoring, are considered. First, numerical simulation methods, including finite element method (FEM), discrete element method (DEM), finite difference method (FDM), boundary element method (BEM), discontinuous deformation analysis method (DDA), and numerical manifold method (NMM), are summarized. This review paper summarized the theories and methods for dynamic stability analysis of rockmass.
GROUPS FLAC3D SERIES
Group name, all zones belonging to this group are specified with zone ID numbers.There are a series of human or natural activities, including earthquakes, explosions, and rockbursts, which have caused a number of safety accidents in geotechnical engineering. The text immediately following the work ZGROUP is the name of the group. For a B8 zone, 8 gridpoints must be specified, for a W6 zone, 6 gridpoints must be specified,etc.Ī line starting with “ ZGROUP” indicates a group definition for zones. The redundant points for wedge, pyramid,degenerate brick and tetrahedral zones are not specified in the grid file. The following zone type identifiers are recognized:įor the zone definition, the gridpoint ID numbers must be specified in the standard FLAC3D ordering described in Section 1.1.4. Also, zones must exist prior to placing them in groups. Groups.FLAC3D – groups that zones fall intoįor this to work, the only requirement is that gridpoints must exist prior to creating the zones that require them. Z12.FLAC3D – zone definitions using gridpoint IDs from g1 and g2 Z13.FLAC3D – zone definitions using gridpoint IDs from g1 and g3 Otherwise,gridpoints and zones are generated using the next available ID numbers (the default).Also, the usegivenids keyword allows grids to be imported in a piecemeal fashion.įor example, if you have the following grid files, If the usegivenids keyword is given, the ID numbers of gridpoints and zones specified in the “*.FLAC3D” file are used in the final grid. The ID numbers do not have to be sequential or consecutive (gaps are allowed in the numbering) however, every gridpoint ID referred to by a zone must exist in the gridpoint list somewhere. The ID numbers for the gridpoints and zones must be positive integers. A zone contains a zone type identifier, an integer zone identifier and the identifiers of the gridpoints comprising A gridpoint contains an integer identifier (ID number) followed by the x, y, z coordinates of the gridpointĪ line starting with “ Z” indicates a zone definition. Warning messages are output if zones are degenerate or cannot support two overlays.Ī FLAC3D grid file is an ASCII file with the following specifications: comment lines start with an asterisk blank lines are ignored and comma separators betweenĪ line starting with “ G” indicates a gridpoint definition. It is up to you to merge imported grids with existing geometry. Checking for duplicate gridpoints is not done. IMPGRID creates a newgridpoint for every gridpoint specified in the input file. Usegivenids forces FLAC3D to use the same gridpoint and zone IDs as are specified This command allows importing grids from third-party grid generators.ĭelete automatically deletes the imported file upon completion. If no extension is specified, “.FLAC3D” is assumed. IMPGRID imports a FLAC3D grid from the file filename.
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